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Zsh 环境一键配置脚本#

这是一个用于快速配置 Zsh 开发环境的自动化脚本，包含 oh-my-zsh、starship 提示符、常用插件等。

功能特性#

  • ✅ 自动安装 Zsh 和必要依赖
  • ✅ 安装 oh-my-zsh 框架
  • ✅ 配置 starship 现代化提示符
  • ✅ 安装常用插件（自动补全、语法高亮、模糊搜索）
  • ✅ 自动设置为默认 shell
  • ✅ 幂等性设计，可重复执行
cat ~/Software/setup_zsh.sh | iconv -f utf-8 -t utf-16le | clip.exe

#

chmod +x ~/Software/setup_zsh.sh
~/Software/setup_zsh.sh

脚本内容#

#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -e

# =========================
#  Zsh 环境配置脚本
# =========================

# 工具函数：如果没安装就安装
install_if_missing() {
    if ! command -v "$1" &>/dev/null; then
        echo ">>> 安装 $1 ..."
        sudo apt install -y "$1"
    else
        echo ">>> $1 已安装"
    fi
}

echo ">>> 更新系统..."
sudo apt update -y

# 必要工具
install_if_missing git
install_if_missing curl
install_if_missing zsh
install_if_missing fzf

# =========================
#  安装 starship
# =========================
if ! command -v starship &>/dev/null; then
    echo ">>> 安装 starship..."
    curl -sS https://starship.rs/install.sh | sh -s -- -y
else
    echo ">>> starship 已安装"
fi

# =========================
#  安装 oh-my-zsh
# =========================
if [ ! -d "$HOME/.oh-my-zsh" ]; then
    echo ">>> 安装 oh-my-zsh..."
    sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ohmyzsh/ohmyzsh/master/tools/install.sh)" "" --unattended
else
    echo ">>> oh-my-zsh 已安装"
fi

# =========================
#  安装插件
# =========================
ZSH_CUSTOM=${ZSH_CUSTOM:-$HOME/.oh-my-zsh/custom}

# autosuggestions
if [ ! -d "$ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions" ]; then
    echo ">>> 安装 zsh-autosuggestions..."
    git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-autosuggestions ${ZSH_CUSTOM}/plugins/zsh-autosuggestions
else
    echo ">>> zsh-autosuggestions 已安装"
fi

# syntax-highlighting
if [ ! -d "$ZSH_CUSTOM/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting" ]; then
    echo ">>> 安装 zsh-syntax-highlighting..."
    git clone https://github.com/zsh-users/zsh-syntax-highlighting.git ${ZSH_CUSTOM}/plugins/zsh-syntax-highlighting
else
    echo ">>> zsh-syntax-highlighting 已安装"
fi

# =========================
#  修改 zshrc
# =========================
echo ">>> 配置 .zshrc ..."
# 主题改成 robbyrussell（默认简单主题，starship 会覆盖）
sed -i 's/^ZSH_THEME=.*$/ZSH_THEME="robbyrussell"/' ~/.zshrc || true

# 插件配置
if grep -q "^plugins=" ~/.zshrc; then
    sed -i 's/^plugins=(.*)$/plugins=(git zsh-autosuggestions zsh-syntax-highlighting fzf)/' ~/.zshrc
else
    echo 'plugins=(git zsh-autosuggestions zsh-syntax-highlighting fzf)' >> ~/.zshrc
fi

# starship 初始化
if ! grep -q 'eval "$(starship init zsh)"' ~/.zshrc; then
    echo 'eval "$(starship init zsh)"' >> ~/.zshrc
fi

# =========================
#  切换默认 shell
# =========================
if [ "$SHELL" != "$(which zsh)" ]; then
    echo ">>> 设置 zsh 为默认 shell..."
    chsh -s "$(which zsh)"
fi

echo "===================================="
echo "✅ 安装完成！请运行以下命令立即生效："
echo "   source ~/.zshrc"
echo "   退出并重新登录即可启用 zsh"
echo "===================================="

安装组件说明#

核心组件#

  • Zsh: 强大的命令行shell
  • Oh My Zsh: Zsh配置框架
  • Starship: 跨shell的现代化提示符

插件功能#

  • git: Git命令别名和状态显示
  • zsh-autosuggestions: 基于历史的命令自动建议
  • zsh-syntax-highlighting: 命令语法高亮
  • fzf: 模糊搜索工具

使用技巧#

常用快捷键#

  • Ctrl+R: 搜索历史命令
  • Tab: 命令补全
  • →: 接受自动建议
  • Ctrl+T: fzf文件搜索

自定义配置#

修改Starship主题#

# 创建配置文件
mkdir -p ~/.config
starship config > ~/.config/starship.toml

# 编辑配置
nano ~/.config/starship.toml

添加自定义别名#

# 编辑 ~/.zshrc
echo 'alias ll="ls -la"' >> ~/.zshrc
echo 'alias ..="cd .."' >> ~/.zshrc
source ~/.zshrc

系统要求#

  • Ubuntu/Debian 系列 Linux 发行版
  • 需要 sudo 权限
  • 网络连接（用于下载组件）

故障排除#

1. 权限问题#

# 确保脚本有执行权限
chmod +x setup_zsh.sh

# 检查sudo权限
sudo -v

2. 网络连接问题#

# 测试网络连接
curl -I https://github.com
ping -c 3 github.com

3. 插件不生效#

# 重新加载配置
source ~/.zshrc

# 检查插件路径
ls -la ~/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins/

4. Starship不显示#

# 检查starship是否安装
which starship

# 手动添加到.zshrc
echo 'eval "$(starship init zsh)"' >> ~/.zshrc

5. 恢复默认设置#

# 切换回bash
chsh -s /bin/bash

# 备份并重置zshrc
cp ~/.zshrc ~/.zshrc.backup
rm ~/.zshrc

卸载方法#

# 删除 oh-my-zsh
rm -rf ~/.oh-my-zsh

# 删除配置文件
rm ~/.zshrc

# 切换回默认shell
chsh -s /bin/bash

# 卸载starship（可选）
sudo rm /usr/local/bin/starship

更多资源#

最后更新: 2025-09-03
创建日期: 2025-09-03